Frank Singleton's Weather Site for Sailing

How to get weather forecasts from the web and elsewhere.

Although very biased to the European/Mediterranean area, there are links to other areas of the world

This is a non-commercial site with no adverts, no pop-ups, and few graphics.    If you find this site useful then remember that it seeks to contribute to safety at sea. You might like to send a donation to the RNLI or your national equivalent mentioning this site, of course. This version 8.53  updated on 30th  March 2008  More on my Front Page.                                                                                                              Site map

For Beginners

If you are a newcomer to sailing or are unfamiliar with marine weather forecasts and using the Internet then the amount of information on these pages may be daunting. In that case go to my Beginner's Page.  Very good information on general meteorology  can be found on the MyMarina online almanac pages.


Main Index

As from mid-March 2008, I have revamped this page to try to make the various sections more internally consistent and easier to use. .


Introduction

Weather determines where we sail to, when we sail there and if we sail at all. The multiplicity of forecasts bemuses many sailors. This site is a guide to weather forecasts and how to use them.  Perversely, perhaps, my first page in  Getting Weather Forecasts is largely related to conventional methods eg NAVTEX and Radio.  Partly, this is because, when afloat, web based services may be inaccessible, or expensive when used over long periods. Mainly, however, it is a recognition of the importance of weather information broadcast under the provisions of the  GMDSS (Global Maritime Distress and Safety System).

Warning

I expect that some, especially those wishing to access links via mobile phones, will download copies of pages on this site.  Please note that links change from time to time.  I will update as and when I am aware and can do so.  So, do not place 100% reliance on what is here.  Use the Web as a supplementary source of information.  Use GMDSS services whenever possible amplified and expanded by information from whatever other sources are useful and of proven (to you) reliability.

STOP PRESS


NEW or Noteworthy


How to get Forecasts.   

Marine Weather Sources What Equipment to use Mobile Phone set up Cell Phone, HF or HAM Forecasts by email
HF and HAM operation Emails via HF      

GMDSS Services

METAREAs I, II, III Marine VHF and MF NAVTEX Radio Fax Radio Teletype

UK Weather MSI 

UK HMCG Broadcasts

Threats to the GMDSS

USCG HF service Reprieved - for now

GRIB files and their use

What are GRIB Files? Free GRIB services Which GRIB Service? Listing of GRIB and other Objective forecasts

Using GRIB and other objective forecasts

     

On the Net

Essential Weather Sites Weather Charts GMDSS Forecast texts Weather Actuals BBC Weather site
MailASail Winlink2000 Links      

Forecast Services in Specific Areas  

 
Mediterranean Baltic Iceland Atlantic Crossing Weather  

Understanding Weather Information.  

Which Forecast Using Forecasts Forecasts for the Sailors Forecast terms French Terminology
Perhaps a Gale?        

Understanding Weather

Fog Demystified Sea Breezes* Wind bends* Gusts and other wind changes*
Pressure and Tides Sea state    

(NOTE Items marked * have some fairly large images, Be careful over a slow link)

Background to the Forecasts

Whither Weather? Paying for forecasts? ECMWF Calculating Weather 500 hPa Charts

Communications Issues

Radio Fax Is Radio Fax useful?

NAVTEX Problems

HF Reception Problems

Radio communications

Miscellaneous (hopefully) Useful Weather Information. 

Western  Med Weather Baltic Weather Biscay Crossings Atmospheric Tides Planning Data

Weather Observations

Measuring Wind Measuring Visibility

hPa or mb?

   

Partly to Amuse - Partly to Make you Think! 

DIY Forecasting The Beaufort Scale Beaufort Scales Weather in History .Climate Change

What this site is all about

   
This site is intended to help those sailors who find the multiplicity of weather sites confusing. The initial version of the Essential Weather Sites page was produced by an old friend and colleague (Martin Stubbs). During many revisions, I have added text to help yachtsmen (and women) understand the various charts and other services that are available.

There are many textbooks on meteorology aimed at the sailing public. Some, to my mind, concentrate too much on the science and not enough on the understanding and use of forecasts. Notable exceptions are

  • Alan Watts' first book, Wind and Sailing Boats (probably out of print, but worth borrowing from a library). This has some good descriptions of coastal and orographic effects. Despite some weakness in the theory, it is a very practical work based on experience sailing dinghies

 

in Chichester harbour and as a forecaster at Thorney Island. The book deals,  largely,  with relatively small scale effects.

  • The RYA books aimed specifically at the RYA Yachtmaster and Coastal Skipper syllabus. These have some weaknesses regarding the theory but, like Wind and Sailing Boats, have some good practical information.

  • Macmillan Reed's Yachtsman's Handbook, this most complete and useful reference book for all matters concerned with sailing is a must on board all yachts. There is a comprehensive section on the weather written initially by Keith Best and revised by myself for the 2001 edition.

 

This site also contains bits and pieces of weather information not all of which can be found in the text books.


My Background - why I feel qualified to run this site

I spent my working life in the Met Office working in various departments including Research, Forecasting, Applied Climatological Services and Personnel. In mid-career I was a Senior Forecaster at Bracknell with overall responsibility, among many functions, for the Shipping Forecast. My final post was as Divisional Director in charge of Observing.

My wife and I sailed racing dinghies (mainly Fireflies) for many years. As our knees began to wear out, we migrated to cruising. We did much bare boat chartering including the Caribbean (10 trips and about 2500 miles) and one brief week in Turkey. Having had enough of spending the first day or two finding where everything was kept and how everything worked (or did not), we bought, first, a Jeanneau Sunlight 31, a very good boat indeed. We migrated to a Hallberg Rassy 34. In our own yachts we have now sailed nearly 31,000 miles (out of a total of over 37,000).  

I am a RYA Yachtmaster (Offshore) and sit on a MCA Marine Safety Information Group by invitation of the CYCC.

 

Until 1999 our cruising area was mainly the Channel, Biscay and the Atlantic coasts of Iberia. During 2000 we sailed from Dartmouth round Spain and Portugal as far as Barcelona. In 2001 we cruised Mediterranean France, Corsica, Sardinia and a little of N Italy.  In 2002 it was the Baléares.  2003 saw us back in Sardinia via the Gulf of Genoa. In 2004 we finished up in Malta via a rather circuitous route. In 2005 we sailed the length of the Adriatic and had the joy of sailing our own boat into Venice. After that it was down the Adriatic to Preveza in the Ionians. Then, in 2007, the Ionians, Gulfs of Patras and Corinth before getting to the Tiber for the Winter.

 Anyone sufficiently interested in these cruises is invited to see our Dartmouth to Barcelona, 2000,   Barcelona to Corsica and Sardinia via the South of France and Italy 2001, The Baléares, 2002, Barcelona to Alghero, 2003 Alghero to Malta via France and Italy 2004 Malta to Venice 2005, Aprilia Marittima to the Ionians 2006 and Preveza to Rome via the Gulf of Corinth 2007 logs.


Sailing Links

The site was set up, initially, to provide useful links for members of The Cruising Association and The Hallberg Rassy Owner's Association. I am pleased that other sailors are finding the site useful and that there are now links from -

Adastral Park SC High Seas Sailing Club Penzance Sailing Club
Bavaria Owners Association Hoo Ness YC RAF YC
Chew Valley Lake SC Humber Yawl YC Ribble Valley Sub Aqua Club
Chichester Cruiser Racing Club International E-Boat Class Assn Roach Sailing Association
Clyde Cruising Club Itchenor SC Royal County of Berkshire YC
Conference of Yacht Cruising Clubs Jeanneau Association, Royal Cruising Club
Cruising Association of Ireland Legend Owner's Association Royal Naval Club & the Royal Albert YC, Portsmouth
East Cowes Sailing Club Lyme Regis SC Royal Naval Sailing Association
Erith Yacht Club Lymington Town SC Royal Northumberland YC
Gerrards Cross SA Manchester Cruising Association Royal Ocean Racing Club
Gravesend YC Moody Association Royal Southern YC
Guildford Coastal CC Nauticat Association Royal Thames YC
Hayling Island SC Newhaven and Seaford Sailing Club Shipmates Owner's Association
Glasgow Kayak Club Ocean Cruising Club Upnor SC
 Henley Offshore Group Rival Owners Association Yarely Offshore SC
  Penarth YC  

Other Class Associations and clubs are welcome to follow suit, please let me know and I can note the fact on this Home Page.

Other noteworthy and useful links relating to general sailing, instruction, chartering include  

Alia Sailing Pages  Notes &  links for RYA cruising  programs. Ian Crowson's Yachting Services  Training Services  &  information SailCrew  Latest News - World & Australia
Association of Sea Training Organisations
ASTO  gives young people sail training
Jack Tyler's Site  Blue water liveaboard site Sail James Cook   North East & Yorkshire's sail training boat
Big Blue (Ross and Wei Biddle) Liveaboard Wei & Ross's site La Formation des Officiers Electroniciens
et Système de la Marine Marchande
Sail the Net (Marine Directory etc)  Internet resource
Blue Moment Sailing Directory Cruising  articles, sources & resources MailASail Onboard communications. Email compression, web page text retrieval, SailMail  Email Service via Marine HF SSB Radio
Boating Links What it says. Marine Mega Store Ltd. Good prices, discounts and sponsorship to disabled sailors Sail World  Latest News - World & Australia
Boating without Borders  Discovering other waterways Marsbrook Boating  Marine  schools in 15 countries incl. the UK. Sea Dreamer  Liveaboard experiences
Bristol University Royal Navy Unit  About the 14 University RN Units Manor Houses, Portugal  Information on Portugal of  interest to sailors. Skippy's Bookmarks  Quaintly named German based page
Circolo Nautica "V. Migliori"  Good Italian general info site MyMarina A useful online source of VHF, MF, NAVTEX schedules etc for NW Europe Starboard Home Chronicles  Blue water liveaboard site
Climate Change (General Information site)
Topical concern
NAUSICA. A wide ranging  directory of sea related sites, mainly in French. Some English Totally Boaty  Online Directory for boat enthusiasts
Cruiser Log - many sailing/weather links Nokia Communicator or PDA Weather links UK Sailing Index  List of UK & Eire sailing related web sites.
Cruising in Portugal  Useful site for sailors in Portuguese waters Noonsite  Information on planning offshore voyages UK sailing weather for cell  phones & PDA's
What it says
Decker Sailing  Website of Doug & Judy Decker! North American Radio Clubs  What it says Ultimate Offshore Cruising Site  One of several meeting that description
Donald Perkins'  Weather Stations & Websites for Enthusiasts Ocean Cruising Limited  Management, charter, sales UKHO EasyTide  Free tidal calculations worldwide
Eccolan Charters (Lansbury Marine)  Luxury  Solent based 58' ketch "Eccolan" OceanShelf.com  Yacht Chandlery Directory Wetstuff Ltd  Sail training & charters
French for Cruisers  Easy-to-use guide to  language skills. Ogimet. A worldwide weather information service. A wide range of  weather data Yachtcom  Yacht communications resource on the web
Gotland Charter  What it says. PassageWeather A useful online way of access GRIB files in plotted chart form. FREE. Yachting Direct, Mallorca  Data Base supporting the Marine Industry
Grehan Waterlines  Liveaboard news, cruising reports. RCC Pilotage Foundation  Pilot books & guides for sail and motor boats Yacht Éowyn  Liveaboard experiences
Guide to Sailing & Cruising Stories   Advertising site for books & other items Rival Ranger  Liveaboard experiences Yacht Temple Spanish and Baléares motor yacht charters
Hamble Marine Ltd  Installation & service of electronic equipment Royal Yachting Association  The Yachtsman's spokesman and friend York Cruiser Training Centre  RYA Training Centre
Haslar Sea School & Victory Charters RYA Offshore Sailing  Powerboat courses Rush2Go Weather page  Weather Forecast World Links  
 
I am especially pleased to welcome the Sea Cadets  who operate TS Royalist, three sail training yachts, TS City Liveryman, TS Vigilant (both Tradewind 35s), TS Leopold Müller and a power training vessel, TS John Jerwood. Any organisation that gets young (and not so young) people afloat is to be encouraged. Also in the same category is The Ocean Youth Trust North East.

Safety at sea is what using weather forecasts is primarily about. I am, therefore, disappointed that the Royal National Lifeboat Institution has removed its

link to this site. I suspect that the RNLI has in-house rules regarding the links that they give.

Although I run this site on a non-commercial basis, there are some marine commercial links listed above.  As far as I am aware, most of them offer good services to sailors and  recognise this site.

In addition, as a Dartmouth based sailor, (at least when in UK waters) I am very pleased to give a link to our old friends at Darthaven Marina.


 Blue Water Sailors


 

At sea it is, of course, not always possible to use the web as a source of information.  One problem, of several,  is that web sites change and links cease to function.  For that reason "old fashioned" radio links can often be preferable.  Those sailing the Pacific, especially, are very interested in getting information using Radio Teleprinter broadcasts.  In particular they make use of coded versions of synoptic charts that are interpreted using  Weather Decode  software.  Teletext broadcasts are more robust than RadioFax when there is interference.  They are also easier and cheaper to access than the web over satellite telephone.

A nice combination of HF/SSB and the web can be found at Pangolin  

which is a Yacht reporting service encouraging yachts to report their current weather as well as position, course etc.  The system then maintains a list of all yachts reporting enabling family and friends ashore to check on latest known position and course.

For those who are HAM radio operators then Winlink2000 provides a most valuable service. See my Western Med page for a brief description. Through Winlink2000 or through SailMail it is possible to get quick downloads via email of very compressed data in GRIB Code format.


Feedback

Comments on the site in general and any queries or suggestions to Frank Singleton.   I will try to respond reasonably quickly. However, we are likely to be away for much of the Summer half of the year. I can use email through a mobile phone but would ask anyone wishing to contact me to be brief - for the sake of my telephone bill, even! Even using GPRS, the bill can escalate all too easily.    Pleas use plain text and do not send copies of any email from me.  I will, when away, put a size limit of 20 Kb on messages to be downloaded while using the mobile.  While I am away, anything larger is deleted at the server.


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